Types of Contrast Media in CT Iohexol Injection
Iopamidol Injection
Iodixanol Injection
Evaluate patient benefits/risks before use
Combination medication: drugs that may increase the risk of adverse reactions to iodinated contrast agents: neuroleptics and antidepressants, interleukin-2, beta-blockers, metformin.
Dose limit for iodinated contrast agents
Maximum dose of iodinated radiocontrast dye
For those with severe renal insufficiency, try to choose an imaging method that does not require iodine-based contrast agents or a non-imaging method that can provide sufficient diagnostic information.
Preheating: Before using an iodinated contrast agent, it is recommended to heat the contrast agent to 37 °C and place it in a thermostat.
Establish an emergency channel: Establish an emergency rapid support mechanism for the rescue of adverse reactions caused by iodinated contrast agents with the emergency room or other clinical related departments to ensure that after an adverse reaction occurs, clinicians can promptly rush to the rescue scene for rescue if necessary.
Prevention
Mild extravasation: Most injuries are minor and need no treatment. However, the patient should be instructed to keep observing. If the extravasation worsens, the patient should seek medical attention in time. For individuals with significant pain, common cold and hydropathic compresses can be given locally.
Moderate and severe extravasation: ① raise the affected limb to promote blood return. ② Use 50% magnesium sulfate moisturizing cold compress in the beginning, and after 24-hours change to magnesium sulfate moisturizing hot compress, or use mucopolysaccharide ointment for topical application, or use 0.05% dexamethasone for local hydropathic compress. ③ Those with severe contrast agent extravasation should be given oral dexamethasone 5 mg/time tid for 3 consecutive days on the basis of topical drug use. ④ If necessary, consult a clinician for medication.
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