has the advantages of accuracy, rapidity, and good repeatability for the measurement of Nano particles, emulsions or suspensions. BeNano 90 Zeta nano particle size analyser is a typical nanoparticle size measurement instrument based on dynamic light scattering.It can measure nanomaterial down to 1 nanometer which is an essential tool for nanoparticle size distribution measurement to understand and research nano powdered materials.
What is light scattering? When a monochromatic and coherent light source irradiates onto the particle, the electromagnetic wave will interact with the charges in atoms that compose the particle, and thus induce the formation of an oscillating dipole in the particle. Light scattering refers to the emission of light in all directions from oscillating dipole. During quasi-elastic light scattering, the frequency changes between scattered light and incident light are small, and the light scattered by the oscillating dipole has a spectrum that broadens around the incident light frequency.
Hydrodynamic radius refers to the effective radius of a particle that has identical diffusion to a perfectly spherical particle of that radius. For example, as seen in figure 1, the true radius of the particle refers to the distance between its center and its outer circumference, while the hydrodynamic radius includes the length of the attached segments since they diffuse as a whole. Hydrodynamic radius is inversely proportional to the translational diffusion coefficient.
By analyzing the fluctuating scattered light intensity due to Brownian motion, DLS can obtain the particle size distribution of small particles suspended in a diluted solution. Typically, the measuring size limit of DLS falls in the nano and sub-micro range, with the magnitude of 1 nanometer to 10 micrometers. There are several advantages of using the DLS when sizing particles. First, DLS is non-invasive to the samples, meaning that the structure of the molecules would not be destroyed during sizing. A small amount of sample is sufficient for a diluted solution preparation. With the DLS method, results with great repeatability and accuracy can be obtained within a few minutes. The testing process is nearly all automatic, minimizing operation errors from different operators. With DLS, the particle size distribution can be measured at different temperatures, and thus a thermal analysis can be conducted on the test sample. DLS provides various industries the opportunity to control their products' quality and therefore maximizing product performance by controlling particle size. These industries include but are not limited to semi-conductors, renewable energy, pharmaceuticals, inks, pigments, batteries, et cetera.
Scotti, A.; Liu, W.; Hyatt, J. S.; Herman, E. S.; Choi, H. S.; Kim, J. W.; Lyon, L. A.; Gasser, U.; Fernandez-Nieves, A. The CONTIN Algorithm and Its Application to Determine the Size Distribution of Microgel Suspensions. The Journal of Chemical Physics 2015, 142 (23), 234905.
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