“Short”; Short thread length to minimize protrusion past bulkheads. They may have the same or marginally smaller size heads than standard sizes but go up to .1uF. They are used where the high capacitance or voltage are required and smaller thread length is desired.
“Standard”; Full length threads and heads. They are popular where lowest cost is the priority and spacing and protrusion are not a concern. These styles originated decades ago when larger bodies were needed to house long tubular capacitors.
“Tall Head”; Broadband performance in a small body. Taller heads allow multiple capacitor/inductor elements to come together in a filter that offers tighter spacing over regular broadband filters. Ideal for low current, high performance, small size requirements.