Urea-Agriculture

Urea, also known as urea and carbonamide, is an organic compoundcomposed of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen and hydrogen, and is a whitecrystal. One of the simplest organic compounds is the mainnitrogen-containing end product of protein metabolism andbreakdown in mammals and some fish. As a neutral fertilizer, ureais suitable for a variety of soils and plants. It is easy topreserve, easy to use, has little damage to the soil, is achemical nitrogen fertilizer with a large amount of use, and isalso the nitrogen fertilizer with the highest nitrogen content.In addition to the use of urea as fertilizer, urea is also widelyused in other fields.

Urea is a high-concentration nitrogen fertilizer, a neutralquick-acting fertilizer, suitable for all crops and all soils,can be used as base fertilizer and top dressing, dry paddy fieldscan be applied. It can also be used to produce a variety ofcompound fertilizers. No harmful substances remain in the soil,and there are no adverse effects of long-term application. Ureain the granulation temperature is too high to produce a smallamount of biuret, also known as diurea, which has an inhibitoryeffect on crops. China stipulates that the content of urea biuretfor fertilizer should be less than 0.5%. When the biuret contentexceeds 1%, it cannot be used as seed fertilizer, seedlingfertilizer and foliar fertilizer, and the urea content in otherapplication periods should not be too much or too concentrated.Urea is an organic nitrogen fertilizer, which can be absorbed andutilized by crops after being hydrolyzed into ammonium carbonateor ammonium bicarbonate after the urease action in the soil.Therefore, urea should be applied 4~8 days before the fertilizerperiod of the crop.

Urea-Industry

Because urea has excellent dissolving dye properties, mildreduction, oxidation resistance and excellent hygroscopicity, itis an excellent dye solvent, hygroscopic agent, viscose fiberextruder, resin finishing agent in the textile industry. 2. Ithas a brightening effect on chemical polishing of steel andstainless steel, and is used as a corrosion inhibitor in metalpickling, and is also used in the preparation of palladiumactivation liquid.3. Used as raw materials for the manufacture ofurea-formaldehyde ester, polyurethane, melamine-formaldehyderesin, urea heating to 200 °C to generate solid trichloric acid(i.e. cyanuric acid). Derivatives of cyanuric acidtrichloroisocyanuric acid, sodium dichloroisocyanate,tris(2-hydroxyethyl isocyanurate), tri(allyl) isocyanurate,tris(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl) isocyanate, triglycidylether isocyanurate, melamine cyanurate complex, etc. have manyimportant applications. The first two are new high-gradedisinfection and bleaching agents, and the total productioncapacity of trichloroisocyanuric acid in the world exceeds 80,000tons.4. Urea is the raw material of special plastics (such as:urea formaldehyde resin). 5. Animal husbandry can be used as feedfor ruminants. 6. Salt that replaces antifreeze is sprinkled onthe street, and the advantage is that the metal does not corrode.7. Ingredients of certain shampoos and detergents. 8. Thecomposition of the first aid refrigeration package, because thereaction of urea with water will absorb heat. 9. Vehicle ureatreats the exhaust gases of diesel engines, engines and thermalpower plants, especially to reduce nitrogen oxide. 10.Ingredients of teeth whitening products. 11. Important auxiliaryagent in dyeing and printing. 12. Composition of environmentallyfriendly engine fuel. 13. Strengthen the smell of cigarettes.14.Ingredients of rain inducer (with salt). 15. It can be used asraw materials for the production of hydrazine hydrate,tetracycline, phenobarbital, caffeine, reduced brown BR,phthalocyanine B, phthalocyanine Bx, monosodium glutamate andother products. 16. Automotive urea is mainly used in dieselengines. The state stipulates that EFI diesel engine vehiclesmust add urea, because the exhaust emissions of diesel vehiclesare relatively large, and adding urea can reduce the carbonoxides in the exhaust gas and reduce pollutant emissions, therebymaking diesel vehicles more environmentally friendly. 17. Ureacan also be used in foaming agents. Third, feed addition Rumen ofruminant livestock contains a large number of bacteria andciliates. Because urea is a nitrogenous compound, after it entersthe rumen, it is hydrolyzed by the urease produced by thebacteria in the rumen to produce ammonia and carbon dioxide,ammonia and starch in the feed are used by bacteria to synthesizebacterial protein, bacterial protein and crude protein of feedhave the same effect, enter the true stomach and small intestineof ruminants and are digested and absorbed, can supplement theneeds of animal protein. 4. Cosmetics Urea is a very usefulmoisturizing ingredient, it is found in the stratum corneum ofthe skin, and it is the main component of the skin's naturalmoisturizing factor NMF. For the skin, urea has the effect ofmoisturizing and softening the keratin, so it can also preventthe stratum corneum from clogging the pores, thereby improvingthe problem of acne. It is used to add moisturizing ingredientsin masks, skin lotions, creams, hand creams and other products.The addition ratio is 3-5%. 5. Medical use To test for thepresence of Helicobacter pylori, a carbon-14-breath test usesurea containing a carbon 14 or carbon 13 label. Because theurease of Helicobacter pylori uses urea to make ammonia to raisethe pH of its surrounding stomach. The same principle can also beused to test similar bacteria living in the stomachs of animals.Non-surgical nails are used in occlusive dressings that contain40% urea. 6. Laboratory application Urea is very effective atdenaturing proteins, especially at destroying non-covalentlybonded proteins. This feature can improve the solubility ofcertain proteins at concentrations up to 10 moles per volume.Urea can also be used to make urea nitrate